GPS systems began to be progressed significantly in the 60's for American military use. Though, it required right up until 1983 after the Korean air disaster, that the system in it's existing form to start taking shape.
In ancient times, there was no such thing as a GPS Navigation unit. Sailors and explorers had to rely on navigation tools that occurred naturally. These included such things as determining which direction was north based on the location on the North Star in the sky or on which side of the tree moss was seen growing. Simple man-made tools, such as compass devices that used magnetized needles floating in liquid or a sextant were available. However, use of a sextant required taking a reading from the sun, and compasses did not always read true in mineral-rich areas.